Chanakya, also known as Kautilya or Vishnugupta, was an ancient Indian philosopher, economist, teacher, political strategist, and chief advisor to Chandragupta Maurya. Credited with helping overthrow the Nanda dynasty and founding the Maurya Empire in the 4th century BCE, he authored the Arthashastra, a seminal treatise on governance, economics, espionage, diplomacy, and military strategy, and the Chanakya Niti, a compilation of moral and practical aphorisms. Often likened to Machiavelli, he is praised for his political realism, strategic foresight, and institution-building, influencing leadership, foreign policy, and administrative theory up to the present day.
Born: 350 BC